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| Analysis of Battery Disadvantage-German Sunshine Battery |
| Time：2019-02-23 Source：Sonnenschein Views：2045 |
In the detection process of German sunlight battery battery, it is common to encounter the shortcomings and abnormal data of lead battery, which make the detection impossible or make the test interrupted earlier. Therefore, it is very important to grasp the shortcomings analysis for the detection work.
German solar cells:
I. Shortcomings and Reasons
1. Phenomena and Reasons of Antipolarity
The negative pole of lead-acid batteries refers to the change of the positive and negative poles. The negative pole phenomenon is reflected in two aspects. One is that when the lead-acid batteries are installed and assembled, a single cell battery pole group connects the negative pole group or the whole battery pole group connects the negative pole group. In this case, the terminal voltage value of lead-acid batteries measured by Voltmeter after filling acid is less than the sum of the rated voltages of individual batteries, or the terminal voltage is negative. On the other hand, when lead-acid batteries are used in series when capacity discharges, the capacity of a certain battery (or a single battery) is low or completely lost. When discharging, the battery is quickly discharged and recharged by other batteries, which makes the original negative pole into positive pole, the original positive pole into negative pole, and the terminal voltage appears negative phenomenon.
As for the disadvantage of the former, when measuring the terminal voltage of the battery (the battery consisting of several single cells), it can be found that if there is a single battery, not only the 2V voltage of the battery will be lost, but also the 2V reverse voltage will be increased, and the terminal voltage will be reduced by about 4V. For example, for batteries with rated voltage of 12 V, if the terminal voltage is measured to be about 8 V, there is a single cell battery reverse pole. If the terminal voltage is measured to be about 4 V, there are two single-cell inverters. If the terminal voltage is measured to be about - 4 V, there are four single-cell inverters. If the terminal voltage is measured to be - 12 V, there are six single-cell inverters.
For the latter negative pole defect, the terminal voltage (negative value) varies with the discharge condition. Generally, when testing, the battery should be removed from the discharge circuit in time to avoid damage to the battery.
2. Short Circuit Phenomenon and Reasons of Batteries
The short circuit system of lead-acid batteries refers to the connection of positive and negative electrodes in lead-acid batteries. Short-circuit phenomena of lead-acid batteries are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
(1) The open circuit voltage is low, and the closed circuit voltage (discharge) reaches the interruption voltage very quickly.
(2) The terminal voltage decreases rapidly to zero in the case of large electric discharge.
(3) When open circuit, the density of electrolyte is very low, and the electrolyte will freeze in low temperature environment.
(4) When charging, the voltage rises very slowly and keeps low (sometimes drops to zero).
(5) When charging, the temperature of electrolyte rises very quickly.
(6) When charging, the density of electrolyte increases very slowly or almost unchanged.
(7) No bubbles or gases occur late when charging.
The main reasons for the short circuit in lead-acid Solenson batteries are as follows:
(1) Baffle quality is not good or damaged, so that the active material of the plate passes through, resulting in virtual contact or direct contact between positive and negative plates.
(2) Diaphragm channeling causes positive and negative plates to connect.
(3) The active material on the plate swells and falls, because the active material on the plate accumulates too much, resulting in the contact between the bottom margin of the positive and negative plates or the surrounding margin of the plate and the accumulation, thus forming the positive and negative plates.
(4) Conductive objects fall into the battery to form positive and negative plates.
(5) The "lead current" formed by welding poles is not eliminated, or "lead beans" exist between positive and negative plates during installation. Damage of the partitions in the process of charging and discharging constitutes the connection of positive and negative plates.
3. Phenomenon and Reasons of Polar Plate Sulfation
Plate sulfation refers to the formation of naturally consolidated white lead sulfate crystals on the plate, which are very difficult to convert into active substances when charged. After sulfation of lead-acid battery plates, the following phenomena are the main ones.
(1) The voltage of lead-acid batteries rises rapidly in the charging process. The initial and final voltage of lead-acid batteries are too high, and the final charging voltage can reach about 2.90V/cell.
(2) In the process of discharge, the voltage drops rapidly, that is to say, it drops to the interruption voltage too early, so its capacity is obviously lower than other batteries.
(3) When charging, the temperature of electrolyte rises rapidly and easily exceeds 45 C.
(4) When charging, the density of electrolyte is lower than the normal value, and bubbles are generated prematurely.
(5) The color and condition of the plate were abnormal when the battery was dissected. The positive plate is light brown (normally dark brown), the surface of the plate is mottled with white lead sulfate, and the negative plate is gray (normally gray) and the surface of the plate is rough. When contacted, it seems to have the feeling of sand grains, and the plate is hard.
(6) Severe sulfation, the white crystals of lead sulfate formed by the polar plates are thick and can not be restored to active substances under normal conditions.
The main reasons for the formation of plate sulfation are as follows.
(1) The initial charge of lead-SORRENSON batteries is short or the initial charge interruption time is long.
(2) Lead-acid batteries are short of charge for a long time.
(3) Failure to charge in time after discharge.
(4) Often excessive discharge or low current deep discharge.
(5) If the density of electrolyte is too high or the temperature is too high, lead sulfate will not recover easily.
(6) Lead-acid batteries are not used for a long time without charging regularly.
(7) The effect of internal short circuit or the surface water of batteries mostly constitute leakage.
(8) The electrolyte is impure and self-discharge is large.
(9) The electrolyte level inside the battery is low, which makes the plate exposed partially sulfated.
Under normal operation, most of the active substances (Pb02 and PB) on the positive and negative plates are transformed into small crystalline lead sulfate. These soft small crystalline lead sulfate are evenly distributed on the porous active substances. It is very simple to contact with the electrolyte when charging, and the effect is restored to the original substances, PbO 2 and PB.
If in use due to the above
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